Introduction
Course - Fun With Designing
Published on 13 May 2021 at 7:47
Introduction to HTML
The web, as we know it today, is built upon a set of core technologies — and at the heart of it lies **HTML (HyperText Markup Language)**. HTML is the **standard markup language** used to create and structure content on the World Wide Web. Every website, no matter how simple or complex, begins with HTML. It acts as the **skeleton** of a webpage, defining its structure and content, while other technologies like **CSS** and **JavaScript** handle styling and interactivity.
Understanding the Role of HTML
HTML isn’t a programming language; it’s a **markup language**. Instead of performing calculations or logic like traditional programming languages, HTML uses **tags** to mark up or describe the elements that make up a webpage. These tags tell the web browser how different parts of the content should be interpreted and displayed.
For example:
- `h1` defines a main heading.
- `p` represents a paragraph.
- `img` embeds an image.
- `a` creates a hyperlink.
Each element can also have **attributes** that provide additional information. For example, the `src` attribute in an `` tag specifies the image file path, while the `href` attribute in an `` tag specifies the destination URL.
How HTML Works in the Web Ecosystem
When a user types a URL into their browser, the browser requests the corresponding HTML document from the web server. Once received, the browser **parses** the HTML, builds the **Document Object Model (DOM)**, and then renders it visually on the screen. CSS is then applied to style this structure, and JavaScript adds interactivity.
This layered approach — HTML for structure, CSS for presentation, and JavaScript for behavior — is what gives modern websites their power and flexibility.
A Brief History of HTML
HTML was first created by **Tim Berners-Lee** in 1991 as a simple way to share scientific documents over the internet. Since then, it has evolved significantly, going through multiple versions:
- HTML 2.0 (1995) established the early standard.
- HTML 4.01 (1999) brought wider adoption and new elements.
- XHTML (early 2000s) introduced stricter XML-style rules.
- HTML5, the current standard, introduced powerful features like semantic elements
(`header`, `footer`, `article`), multimedia support(`audio`, `video`), canvas drawing, form enhancements, and APIs that enable offline storage, geolocation, and more.
Why Learning HTML is Essential
Learning HTML is **the foundation of web development**. Even modern frameworks and CMS platforms like WordPress, React, or Angular rely on HTML at their core. A solid understanding of HTML allows developers to:
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